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Reverse Mortgage
Steps to Getting a Reverse Mortgage
1. Awareness
Homeowner
learns about reverse mortgages from a news article, advertisement, word-of
mouth, etc.
2. Upfront Education
Homeowner
contacts a reverse mortgage lender or the National Reverse Mortgage
Lenders Association to learn more about reverse mortgages.
3. Counseling
Homeowner
seeks counseling from a local HUD-approved counseling agency, or a national
counseling agency, such as AARP (800-209-8085), National Foundation
for Credit Counseling (866-698-6322), or Money Management International
(877-908-2227). Counseling is required for all reverse mortgages and
may be conducted face-to-face or by telephone.
By law, a counselor must review (i) options, other than a reverse mortgage, that are available to the prospective borrower, including housing, social services, health and financial alternatives; (ii) other home equity conversion options that are or may become available to the prospective borrower, such as property tax deferral programs; (iii) the financial implications of entering into a reverse mortgage; and, (iv) the tax consequences affecting the prospective borrower’s eligibility under state or federal programs and the impact on the estate or his or her heirs.
4. Application/Disclosure
Homeowner
fills out a loan application and selects a payment plan, whether fixed
monthly payments, lump sum payment, line of credit, or a combination
of these. Lender discloses to homeowner the estimated total cost of
the loan, as required by the federal Truth in Lending Act. Homeowner
provides lender with required information, including verification of
Social Security number, copy of deed to home, information on any existing
mortgage(s), and counseling certificate.
5. Processing
Lender orders
an appraisal, which the homeowner pays for, to place a value on the
home. The appraiser makes sure the physical condition of the property
meets FHA guidelines. If any structural defects are found, the homeowner
must hire a contractor to complete the repairs after the reverse mortgage
closes.
6. Underwritting
After receiving
all pertinent information and data, lender finalizes loan parameters
with homeowner (i.e., determining payment option, frequency of loan
interest rate adjustments) and submits loan package for final approval.
It can take anywhere from 4-8 weeks (sometimes sooner, sometimes longer)
to underwrite a loan package.
7. Closing
If the loan
package is approved, closing (signing) of loan is scheduled. Interest
rates are calculated. Closing papers and final figures are prepared.
Closing costs are normally financed as part of the loan. Lender or title
company has homeowner sign loan papers.
8. Disbursement
Homeowner
has three business days after signing papers in which to cancel the
loan. Upon expiration of this period, the loan funds are disbursed.
Homeowner accesses the funds in the form of the payment option selected.
Any existing debt on the home is paid off. A new lien is placed on the
home. The homeowner may use the loan proceeds for any purpose. The loan
"servicer" manages the account and is responsible for disbursing
monthly payments to the homeowner (if this option is chosen), advancing
line of credit funds upon request, collecting any repayments on the
line of credit, and sending periodic statements.
9. Repayment
Homeowner
doesn’t make any monthly mortgage payments during the life of the loan.
The loan is repaid when the homeowner ceases to occupy the home as a
principal residence. The loan may be repaid by the homeowner or the
heirs/estate, with or without a sale of the home. The repayment obligation
can’t exceed the home’s value for sales price.
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